CNC LATHE

When it comes to choosing a CNC lathe many technical aspects must be taken into account to maximise its performance and achieve extremely high levels of productivity. Here are some of the most important characteristics to consider when choosing the CNC lathe best suited for the requirements of each process:

• Bar capacity. This refers to the maximum diameter of the bar that can fit through the spindle bore to be machined on the lathe from bar. This characteristic is of paramount importance when making the choice, because it limits the diameter of parts to be machined from bar or any diameters that need to be “swallowed” inside the spindle bore when a larger diameter is held in a 3 jaw chuck. For example, the machines in the TD Z2200 – Z3200 series, have the option of double chucks, one at each end of the head-stock, which can accommodate shaft diameters of up to 192 mm. This is ideal for machining large parts.
• Type of material. The characteristics of the material of the parts to be produced will also determine the choice of machine. Many materials can be machined on a CMZ lathe. The following video on oscillation cutting, shows how materials such as plastic, aluminium and steel are turned without the build-up of stringy swarf which can cause real problems, especially with automation. The hardness of the material isn’t an obstacle either, as it is possible to machine super duplex stainless steel, which is a hard metal. The equipment on the lathe (tooling, chucks, jaws or collets, etc.) also has an affect depending on the type of material to be machined.
• Number of programming channels. This refers to the number of machining actions that can be carried out on the machine simultaneously. CMZ’s range of multi-turret lathes have 3 channels. Three programs with their corresponding tool offsets can be executed at the same time. Three tools can be mounted on the two turrets, cutting with three tools at the same time. This is known as superimposed machining.
• X, Y and Z axis travels. This is the maximum distance each axis in the lathe can travel. The travel therefore makes it possible to machine larger or smaller parts. The TA Series, for example, is a precise, powerful and robust lathe with a high level of configuration. These high precision CNC lathes have three options for Z axis travel: 400 mm, 640 mm or 1100 mm. The high level of customisation makes the TA series CMZ’s top selling machine. In cases where a high precision CNC lathe is needed with a larger travel in the Y axis, the TD Z800 – Z1350 series is a good ally.
• Number of spindles and turrets. This factor determines whether different machining operations can be done simultaneously or not. The geometry of the finished component will also determine this choice. There are CNC lathes with a single turret or our range of multi-turret lathes (TTS series and TTL series) have more than one turret, enabling faster work. This type of machine is ideal for companies dedicated to high production and accuracy, where, alongside quality, every second counts.
• Tailstock option. With the tailstock option, longer parts can be supported with a centre. The use of a tailstock helps to eliminate In our range of twin spindle lathes, the TTS series, and the turning centres in the TTL series, the movements on the X3 and Z3 axes provide the exclusive opportunity of an optional tailstock allowing the machine to work with the tailstock and sub-spindle at the same time.
• Spindle speed and power. This determines the ability to machine different materials, diameters and types of parts on a lathe, in addition to different finishes. For example, the turning centres in the TTL series are fitted with high power, high torque synchronous motors which halve acceleration time: 5,000 rpm in 1.3 seconds. Also, the integrated synchronous motors cooled with oil provide high thermal stability.

These are some of the factors to take into account when choosing a CNC lathe. Each type of part may be different and require customised treatment.